Linux下Python编译安装Scipy
SciPy简介
SciPy是一个开源的Python算法库和数学工具包。但是由于依赖一些fortran库在Linux下很难编译安装，下面便是我经过一天的摸索找到的安装方法，以飨大家。
SciPy安装方法
编译BLAS
首先编译并静态链接Fortran库BLAS和LAPACK。
mkdir -p ~/src/
cd ~/src/
wget http://www.netlib.org/blas/blas.tgz
tar xzf blas.tgz
cd BLAS
## NOTE: The selected Fortran compiler must be consistent for BLAS, LAPACK, NumPy, and SciPy.
## For GNU compiler on 32-bit systems:
#g77 -O2 -fno-second-underscore -c *.f # with g77
#gfortran -O2 -std=legacy -fno-second-underscore -c *.f # with gfortran
## OR for GNU compiler on 64-bit systems:
#g77 -O3 -m64 -fno-second-underscore -fPIC -c *.f # with g77
gfortran -O3 -std=legacy -m64 -fno-second-underscore -fPIC -c *.f # with gfortran
## OR for Intel compiler:
#ifort -FI -w90 -w95 -cm -O3 -unroll -c *.f
# Continue below irrespective of compiler:
ar r libfblas.a *.o
ranlib libfblas.a
rm -rf *.o
export BLAS=~/src/BLAS/libfblas.a
根据Linux版本执行g77/gfortran/ifort 5条命令中的一条，下面的LAPACK安装同样需要Fortran编译器并且应与编译BLAS库的编译器相同。
编译LAPACK
以gfortran编译器为例
mkdir -p ~/src
cd ~/src/
wget http://www.netlib.org/lapack/lapack.tgz
tar xzf lapack.tgz
cd lapack-*/
cp INSTALL/make.inc.gfortran make.inc # On Linux with lapack-3.2.1 or newer
make lapacklib
make clean
export LAPACK=~/src/lapack-*
如果Linux系统是64位那么应对make.inc进一步修改,在OPTS和NOOPT选项后加上-m64和-fPIC选项。修改后的make.inc例子如下：
####################################################################
# LAPACK make include file. #
# LAPACK, Version 3.5.0 #
# November 2013 #
####################################################################
#
SHELL = /bin/sh
#
# Modify the FORTRAN and OPTS definitions to refer to the
# compiler and desired compiler options for your machine. NOOPT
# refers to the compiler options desired when NO OPTIMIZATION is
# selected. Define LOADER and LOADOPTS to refer to the loader and
# desired load options for your machine.
#
FORTRAN = gfortran
OPTS = -O2 -frecursive -m64 -fPIC
DRVOPTS = $(OPTS)
NOOPT = -O0 -frecursive -m64 -fPIC
LOADER = gfortran
LOADOPTS =
#
# Timer for the SECOND and DSECND routines
#
# Default : SECOND and DSECND will use a call to the EXTERNAL FUNCTION ETIME
#TIMER = EXT_ETIME
# For RS6K : SECOND and DSECND will use a call to the EXTERNAL FUNCTION ETIME_
# TIMER = EXT_ETIME_
# For gfortran compiler: SECOND and DSECND will use a call to the INTERNAL FUNCTION ETIME
TIMER = INT_ETIME
# If your Fortran compiler does not provide etime (like Nag Fortran Compiler, etc...)
# SECOND and DSECND will use a call to the INTERNAL FUNCTION CPU_TIME
# TIMER = INT_CPU_TIME
# If neither of this works...you can use the NONE value... In that case, SECOND and DSECND will always return 0
# TIMER = NONE
#
# Configuration LAPACKE: Native C interface to LAPACK
# To generate LAPACKE library: type 'make lapackelib'
# Configuration file: turned off (default)
# Complex types: C99 (default)
# Name pattern: mixed case (default)
# (64-bit) Data model: LP64 (default)
#
# CC is the C compiler, normally invoked with options CFLAGS.
#
CC = gcc
CFLAGS = -O3
#
# LAPACKE has also the interface to some routines from tmglib,
# if LAPACKE_WITH_TMG is selected, we need to add those routines to LAPACKE
#LAPACKE_WITH_TMG = Yes
#
# The archiver and the flag(s) to use when building archive (library)
# If you system has no ranlib, set RANLIB = echo.
#
ARCH = ar
ARCHFLAGS= cr
RANLIB = ranlib
#
# Location of the extended-precision BLAS (XBLAS) Fortran library
# used for building and testing extended-precision routines. The
# relevant routines will be compiled and XBLAS will be linked only if
# USEXBLAS is defined.
#
# USEXBLAS = Yes
XBLASLIB =
# XBLASLIB = -lxblas
#
# The location of the libraries to which you will link. (The
# machine-specific, optimized BLAS library should be used whenever
# possible.)
#
BLASLIB = ../../librefblas.a
LAPACKLIB = liblapack.a
TMGLIB = libtmglib.a
LAPACKELIB = liblapacke.a
安装SciPy Package
执行 pip install scipy命令即可成功安装SciPy。
